I have an x-pole xpert but am renting so can’t damage the ceiling. How could I protect it without knowing where the beam is too? Would putting a wooden board up with a yoga matt attached stop damage and be safe?

You have to find the beam, it can damage the ceiling if you don't and it's not safe. Use a stud finder or knock on the ceiling to find the beams and direction they run. If you find the beam you don't need anything to protect the ceiling. I have rented for years and never had a problem with my xpoles damaging the ceiling.